I-chloroform yodidi lweshishini lwe-chloroform enobunyulu obuphezulu Umfanekiso obonisiweyo

I-chloroform yezinga lezimboni ze-chloroform enobunyulu obuphezulu

Inkcazo emfutshane:

Elinye igama: iTrichloromethane, iTtrichloroform, iMethyl trichloride

I-CAS: 67-66-3

I-EINECS: 200-663-8

IKHOWUDI YE-HS: 29031300

Inombolo ye-UN: UN 1888

Thumela i-imeyile kuthi

Iinkcukacha zeMveliso

Iithegi zeMveliso

Iipropati

Ulwelo olungenambala nolucacileyo. Lunamandla okurhawuzelela. Lunevumba elikhethekileyo. Lunencasa emnandi. Alutshi lula. Xa luvezwa lilanga okanye lufakwe ioksijini emoyeni, luyaqhekeka kancinci kancinci luze luvelise i-phosgene (i-carbyl chloride). Ke ngoko, i-1% ye-ethanol idla ngokufakwa njengesiqinisi. Ingaxutywa ne-ethanol, i-ether, i-benzene, i-petroleum ether, i-carbon tetrachloride, i-carbon disulfide kunye neoyile. I-ImL iyanyibilika emanzini angama-200mL (25℃). Ngokuqhelekileyo ayitshi, kodwa ukuvezwa ixesha elide kumlilo ovulekileyo kunye nobushushu obuphezulu kusenokutshisa. Kumanzi agqithisileyo, ukukhanya, ubushushu obuphezulu kuya kubakho ukubola, ukwakheka kwe-phosgene enetyhefu kakhulu kunye ne-hydrogen chloride. Iziseko ezinamandla ezifana ne-lye kunye ne-potassium hydroxide zinokuqhekeza i-chloroform ibe yi-chlorates kunye neefomathi. Xa isebenza kwi-alkali enamandla namanzi, inokwenza iziqhushumbisi. Ukudibana nobushushu obuphezulu namanzi, ukubola, ukubola kwesinyithi kunye nezinye izinyithi, ukubola kweplastiki kunye nerabha.

Inkqubo

I-trichloromethane yemizi-mveliso yahlanjwa ngamanzi ukuze kususwe i-ethanol, i-aldehyde kunye ne-hydrogen chloride, yaze yahlanjwa nge-sulfuric acid exineneyo kunye nesisombululo se-sodium hydroxide. Amanzi avavanywa ukuba akwi-alkaline aze ahlanjwe kabini. Emva kokomiswa nge-calcium chloride engamanzi, i-distillation, ukuze kufunyanwe i-trichloromethane ecocekileyo.

Indawo yokugcina izinto

I-Chloroform yikhemikhali yendalo esetyenziswa kakhulu njengesinyibilikisi kunye nesixhobo sokusabela. Iguquguqukayo kakhulu, iyatsha kwaye iyaqhuma. Ke ngoko, qaphela oku kulandelayo xa uyigcina:

1. Indawo yokugcina: I-Chloroform mayigcinwe kwindawo epholileyo, eyomileyo nengena umoya, kude nelanga elithe ngqo kunye nobushushu obuphezulu. Indawo yokugcina mayibe kude nomlilo, ubushushu kunye nezixhobo ezikhusela ukuqhuma.

2. Ukupakisha: I-Chloroform kufuneka igcinwe kwisikhongozeli esingangeni moya esisemgangathweni ozinzileyo, njengeebhotile zeglasi, iibhotile zeplastiki okanye iidrama zesinyithi. Ukuqina kunye nokuqina kwezikhongozeli kufuneka kuhlolwe rhoqo. Izikhongozeli ze-chloroform kufuneka zahlulwe kwi-nitric acid kunye nezinto ze-alkaline ukuthintela ukusabela.

3. Thintela ukudideka: i-chloroform akufuneki ixutywe ne-oxidant enamandla, i-asidi enamandla, isiseko esinamandla kunye nezinye izinto ukuze kuthintelwe iimpembelelo eziyingozi. Kwinkqubo yokugcina, yokulayisha, yokukhupha nokusebenzisa, kufuneka kunikwe ingqalelo ukuthintela ukungqubana, ukungqubana kunye nokungcangcazela, ukuze kuthintelwe ukuvuza kunye neengozi.

4. Thintela umbane ongashukumiyo: Ngexesha lokugcina, ukulayisha, ukukhupha kunye nokusebenzisa i-chloroform, thintela umbane ongashukumiyo. Amanyathelo afanelekileyo kufuneka athathwe, anjengokugquma, ukugquma, izixhobo ezichasene nombane ongashukumiyo, njl.

5. Ukuchongwa kweleyibhile: Isikhongozeli se-chloroform kufuneka siphawulwe ngeeleyibhile ezicacileyo kunye nokuchongwa, okubonisa umhla wokugcina, igama, uxinaniso, ubungakanani kunye nolunye ulwazi, ukuze kube lula ukulawula kunye nokuchongwa.

Ukusetyenziswa

Ukuchonga i-cobalt, i-manganese, i-iridium, i-iodine, iarhente yokukhupha i-phosphorus. Ukuchonga i-phosphorus engaphiliyo, iglasi yendalo, amafutha, i-resin yerabha, i-alkaloid, i-wax, i-phosphorus, i-iodine solvent kwi-serum.

2. I-CHLOROFORM (1)