Izinyibilikisi zemichiza zizinto ezinyibilikisa i-solute, ezikhokelela kwisisombululo. Badlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimizi-mveliso eyahlukeneyo, kuquka amayeza, iipeyinti, izinto zokugquma, kunye neemveliso zokucoca. Ukuguquguquka kwezinyibilikisi zeekhemikhali kuzenza zibe yimfuneko kuzo zombini iindawo kwimizi-mveliso nelabhoratri.
Omnye wemisebenzi ephambili yezinyibilikisi zemichiza kukuququzelela ukusabela kweekhemikhali. Kwishishini lamayeza, umzekelo, izinyibilikisi zisetyenziselwa ukukhupha izithako ezisebenzayo kwimathiriyeli ekrwada, ukuqinisekisa ukuba amayeza ayasebenza kwaye akhuselekile ukuba angasetyenziswa. Izinyibilikisi eziqhelekileyo kweli candelo ziquka i-ethanol, i-methanol, kunye ne-acetone, nganye ekhethiweyo ngenxa yokukwazi ukunyibilika iikhompawundi ezithile.
Kwishishini lepeyinti kunye neengubo, i-solvents yamakhemikhali ibalulekile ekufezekiseni ukuhambelana okufunwayo kunye neempawu zesicelo. Ziyanceda ekunciphiseni iipeyinti, ezivumela ukusetyenziswa okugudileyo kunye namaxesha omisa ngokukhawuleza. Izinyibilikisi ezifana ne-toluene kunye ne-xylene zisetyenziswa rhoqo, kodwa i-volatile organic compounds (VOCs) inokubangela ingozi yendalo kunye nempilo. Ngenxa yoko, kukho umkhwa okhulayo obhekiselele kuphuhliso lwe-VOC ephantsi kunye nezinyibilikisi ezisekelwe emanzini.
Ngaphezu koko, izinyibilikisi zemichiza zibalulekile ekucoceni imveliso, apho zinceda ekunyibilikiseni igrisi, ioli nezinye izinto ezingcolisa umzimba. Izinyibilikisi ezifana ne-isopropyl alcohol kunye ne-ethyl acetate ziqhele ukufunyanwa kubacoci basekhaya nakwimizi-mveliso, zibenza basebenze kakuhle ekugcineni ucoceko kunye nococeko.
Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwezinyibilikisi zemichiza akukho mingeni. Izinyibilikisi ezininzi zemveli ziyingozi, nto leyo ekhokelela kwimigaqo engqongqo ngokuphathelele ukusetyenziswa nokulahlwa kwazo. Oku kuye kwabangela ukuba abaphandi kunye nabavelisi bafune ezinye iindlela ezikhuselekileyo, ezifana nezinyibilikisi ezisekwe kwibhayoloji ezivela kwimithombo evuselelekayo.
Ukuqukumbela, i-solvents yeekhemikhali zizinto ezibalulekileyo kumashishini ahlukeneyo, ukuququzelela iinkqubo ezivela ekubunjweni kweziyobisi ukuya ekucoceni komhlaba. Njengoko imfuno yeendlela ezikhuselekileyo nezizinzileyo zikhula, ikamva lezinyibilikisi zemichiza liya kubona izinto ezintsha ezijolise ekunciphiseni impembelelo yokusingqongileyo ngelixa kugcinwa ukusebenza kakuhle.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-07-2025